care guid Essay - 1590 Words

Oxford Cambridge and RSA Unit title: Contemporary issues in health and social care Unit number: 24 Level: 5 Credit value: 15 Guided learning hours: 60 Unit reference number: A/601/1639 UNIT AIM AND PURPOSE This unit will provide learners with an understanding of methods used to bring information about contemporary health and social care issues to the public, progressing to examining how these methods can influence public opinion. Learners will also have the opportunity to explore a contemporary health and social care issue of particular interest to themselves. They will study the different perspectives which can be taken on the issue and analyse the consequences of these perspectives on the†¦show more content†¦M2 Analyse own knowledge, understanding and skills to define areas for development. D2 Evaluate and apply strategies to develop own knowledge, understanding and skills. M3 Exercise autonomy and judgement when implementing established courses of action. D3 Determine, direct and communicate new courses of action.  © OCR 2013 TEACHING CONTENT The Teaching Content describes what has to be taught to ensure that learners are able to access the highest grade. Learners must be able to apply relevant examples to their work. Where examples are given in the Teaching Content, these are suggestions; they do not have to be the examples that the learner uses. LO1 Understand how information relating to health and social care gives rise to issues of concern to the public Information (e.g. financial, political, standards, enquiries) Ways of informing the public (e.g. inspection reports, tabloid and broadsheet newspapers, TV news bulletins, TV documentaries, social media, government reports and publications, websites, promotional materials, published research, journals, whistle-blowers) Analysis of techniques for disseminating (e.g. reliability, validity, bias, objectivity, source of information) Ways of influencing attitudes (e.g. format of presentation, tabloid approach, sensationalist, exaggeration, analysis and discussion, factual). LO2Show MoreRelatedNew Electronic Health Record ( Ehr ) That Can Better Support Future Patient And Healthcare Needs1284 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction In the healthcare industry, urgent care organizations are often viewed by many as a disruptor in health care. This provides an impactful advantage for the urgent care industry, meaning it is an upstart that is changing the status quo by allowing patients to access care at the time and place they choose (Kulin, 2015). In the book,Where Does It Hurt? An Entrepreneur’s Guid to Fixing Health Care (Bush Baker, 2014), reported a few stark stats that leadership presented to investors asRead MoreMental Health Care Disparities Among Minority Populations1434 Words   |  6 PagesMental Health Care Disparities in Minority Populations Erin Bertelson Denver School of Nursing Mental Health Care Disparities in Minority Populations Across the country, a steady increase has been noted in the number of patients presenting to emergency departments for psychiatric complaints (Zun, 2014). Patients also attempt to use their primary care doctors to treat their mental illnesses. The mental health care options for these patients are extremely limited, especially for minorityRead MoreHealth Promotion on Copd2192 Words   |  9 PagesEssay Title: Health Promotion :Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Word count:1,905 The Nursing and Midwifery council (NMC 2008)states that a nurse should be able to protect and promote the health and well-being of those in their care. This essay will be discussing the health promotion role of a nurse looking after a patient that has Chronic Obstuctive Pulmonary Disease(COPD) .The essay will focus on a 65 year old gentleman Mr Abraham who has been admitted into a general medical ward,with an acuteRead MoreMedicare Policy Analysis447966 Words   |  1792 PagesI 111TH CONGRESS 1ST SESSION H. R. 3962 To provide affordable, quality health care for all Americans and reduce the growth in health care spending, and for other purposes. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OCTOBER 29, 2009 Mr. DINGELL (for himself, Mr. RANGEL, Mr. WAXMAN, Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California, Mr. STARK, Mr. PALLONE, and Mr. ANDREWS) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on EducationRead MoreHsm 542 Week 12 Discussion Essay45410 Words   |  182 Pagesprocreation. | C | Given the mandate for advance directives, informed consent, and the legal obligation to report, illustrate the application of these concepts in a specific area or setting, e.g., psychopharmacology, dementia, long-term care, acute care, home-care, etc. | | Click on the links in the Topics section to view the discussion topics. Then, click Respond to add your thoughts to the discussion thread. | Topics Introductions (not graded, but required) | Intentional TortsRead MoreThe Organizational Culture Of The King And Queen Hotel And Suites And Mt Taranaki Resort Essay3388 Words   |  14 Pagesconcerned with organization’s anecdotes, stories and myths, and organizational heroes and villains. Values are the social principles, goals and standards held within the culture to have basic worth. They define what the members of the organization cares about. There are unwritten rules that allow members of a culture to know what is expected of them. The organizational culture reflects the values of its employees. By using these values the members are able to make decisions in order to tackle problemsRead MoreShould both Parents Take Equal Responsibility in Raising a Children728 Words   |  3 Pagespeople who leave around them. After any couple married they start sharing every responsibility in their life and their life became as a farm: the father is farmer and the mother is a land and the children are the seeds and both parent s should take care of these seed as they grow. In fact, there is argument in these important issue that is both parents should assume equal responsibility for raising children. However, some people believe that the mother is the first one to teach children many epactsRead MoreEssay on Pre-Empting Liability in the School System1171 Words   |  5 Pagesobject to school and if they do, the objects will be taken from them and the parents will be notified. Unintentional tort is simple negligence on the part of the administrators of teachers, when they do not protect students from injury or the lack of care (GCU, 2008). Our school district tries to prevent unintentional tort by close supervision before, during, and after school. There is a teacher or someone in authority with students at all times, they are never to be alone without supervision. TheRead MoreTeen Pregnancy Is A Convenient Excuse1152 Words   |  5 Pagesthe media adults need to be educating young people earlier about sexuality and sexual health,† so they make the right choices. Social media cannot be blamed for teen pregnancies because it s the parents or guardians responsibility to educate and care for their children; teaching them right from wrong, teaching them how to love and to give love to them. Some parents feel that pregnancy is a result of the lack of sex education course taught in schools, while others feel that these course end upRead MoreLegal Roles And Responsibilities Of Teachers1035 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Planning, preparing and delivering lessons to all students in the class†. †¢ â€Å"Assessing, recording and reporting on the development, progress, attainment and behavior of one’s students† †¢ â€Å"Maintaining good order and discipline amongst students under one’s care and safeguarding their health and safety at all times† Follow these responsibility teachers can achieve a student’s academic success and more. Furthermore, teachers responsibilities The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (Klein, 2015), are part of

Tomorrow When the War Began- John Marsden Essay - 1261 Words

Tomorrow when the war began- John Marsden Novel essay. â€Å"Tomorrow When The War Began† by John Marsden, is a novel of survival, friendship, love and war. He uses many language techniques (e.g. simile, metaphor, personification, oxymoron, irony, symbol, allusion etc.) to get across to the reader the importance of each of the themes discussed. He also uses these techniques to set the mood in each chapter and to help emphasise each major point in the novel. â€Å"We’ve learnt a lot and had to figure out what’s important- what matters, what really matters.†- Ellie Survival in â€Å"Tomorrow When The War Began† is a very important issue. The whole novel is about Ellie and friends learning to become independent and to fend for themselves in a world†¦show more content†¦They must go through a series of challenges to get from point A to point B by stealing vehicles and food. When Ellie and Robyn pick up Lee from his restaurant they have to kill soldiers to get away. Same as when Ellie, Kevin and Corrie blow up the lawnmower, they also blow up soldiers in order to stay safe for a little while. Friendship is another major theme in the novel, John Marsden uses this theme to overlap with other issues like survival and war. The characters of the novel all depend on those around them for help and support in everything they do. Friendship provides people with strength, hope and love, and all these things help a person overcome tragedies, death, and moments when it seems life isn’t worth living. An example from the novel would be when Corrie’s house is blown up, she is devastated and it is only with the support of the others that she can continue. A real life issue about friendship/love and survival would be the incident with the Beaconsfield miners. The miners were sure they would die, but with the thought in there heads of family and friends outside waiting for there arrival, they continued on battling for there lives, relying only on the support of loved ones. When Lee was shot in the leg by soldiers, Robyn carried Lee over her shoulder until it was safe enough t o treat the wound. Robyn overcame her fear of blood and cuts, to save Lee from infection and disease. John Marsden uses techniques like first personShow MoreRelatedTomorrow When the War Began by John Marsden, Personal Response802 Words   |  4 PagesTomorrow When The War Began by John Marsden. Tomorrow when the war began by John Marsden is an exceptional novel filled with action, suspense and tension. The author tells the story of seven stereotypical examples of teenagers heading up into the hills to camp for a while when they suddenly find themselves drawn into the extreme stress of a war as they are left to fend for themselves. It is an inspiring tale of how they all responded to the war in different ways, took risks and grew from ordinaryRead MoreTomorrow When the War Began; a Relatable Text for Australian Teens1006 Words   |  5 PagesTomorrow When The War Began - Essay For a novel to appeal to the target audience the characters, setting, point of view and themes have to be relatable. Tomorrow When The War Began (TWTWB) by John Marsden is a relatable text which Australian teenagers can relate to. When Ellie and 7 of her high school friends return to Wirrawee from a trip to Hell before school break is over they suspect something is seriously wrong. Power has been cut, animals are dead or are dying and family members are no whereRead Moretomorrow when the war began768 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Tomorrow when the war began. In the novel; ‘Tomorrow when the war began’, the characters experience various changes and transformations. These changes occur when the different characters experience life threatening situations and environmental change. The characters have to adapt, think and behave differently. The changes that occur involve the themes of leadership, war and love. Throughout the novel, John Marsden shows change in Ellie. In the beginning Ellie is a carefree but hard workingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Novel Tomorrow When The War Began 903 Words   |  4 PagesKeely Shang The characters in the novel Tomorrow When the War Began (TWTWB) (1993) begin as very human, very believable and, very ordinary. Then their lives are changed in an instant and they are forced to respond, to change, to grow and to adapt.. The characterisation is so well done that Ellie, Robyn, Fi, Homer, Chris, Corrie, Kevin and Lee become real to the reader, and you find yourself relating to them as you would actual people. Author John Marsden creates characters based on Australia’s uniqueRead MoreThe Dead of the Night - John Marsden1605 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The best novels stand the test of time, providing the reader with an interesting story as well as conveying important themes and ideas† In John Marsden’s sequel to â€Å"Tomorrow When the War Began†, set in rural modern day Australia, comes his second novel of seven â€Å"The Dead of the Night†. John Marsden’s â€Å"TDOTN† has stood the test of time, by providing the readers with an interesting story as well as conveying important themes and ideas. The themes and ideas of â€Å"Death and Destruction†, â€Å"RelationshipsRead MoreReading Log - Tomorrow, When the War Began932 Words   |  4 PagesReading Log – Tomorrow, When the War Began The award-winning book ‘Tomorrow, When the War Began’ by John Marsden is narrated by the main character, Ellie. She tells the story of how each teenager responds when war suddenly strikes in their country, Australia. It begins when Ellie and her best friend, Corrie, decide to go camping in a deep valley named Hell along with a five other friends. When they return home to their rural town of Wirrawee, they find their lives shattered. Their dogs are deadRead MoreTomorrow When the War Began813 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book â€Å"tomorrow when the war began† author John Marsden. The character Homer grows and matures throughout the story line. This essay will explore how Homer’s maturity and growth is displayed through his ability to start making decisions and leading members of the group. In the beginning he was always in trouble but towards the end he grew into a strong leader who considered his friends and their safety. The first incident Read MoreEssay on Australian Literature (Stereotypes)829 Words   |  4 PagesI agree with contemporary literature encouraging young readers to look beyond Australian stereotypes. The reason I have chosen to agree with the statement is because of the proof of evidence I have found in the following texts: Tomorrow When the War Began by John Marsden, Looking for Alibandi by Melina Marchetta, The Drover’s Wife by Henry Lawson, and An Australian Short Story by Ryan O’Neill. Body The classic Australian stereotype is very narrow; a particular slang, wears cowboy hats, livesRead MoreConflict Speech790 Words   |  4 Pagesin many ways, such as; war, hate, aggression, bullying, and competiveness. Conflict has negative effects on people. Conflict can result in death, mental illness, suicide, and destruction. Conflict is cause by many reasons including differences in values, desires, needs, habits, and wealth. |   The first text Im going to discuss today is a poem called Dulce Et Decorum Est by a famous poet named Wilfred Owen. The poem is based on first hand experiences in France, in world war one. The poem describesRead MoreTomorrow When The War Began Essay984 Words   |  4 PagesTitle: Tomorrow When the War Began Author: John Marsden Date Completed: 25 March 2015 In the novel, Tomorrow When the War Began, there is an invasion on a small rural town in Australia. A group of young teens are out camping and manage to avoid capture. The discovery that their friends and families have been captured ignites them on a crusade to do what they can to liberate their town. The key idea in the text that is significant to me is about the importance of strong teamwork and leadership

Power and Influence in Batman free essay sample

Thus, he has always been admired by citizens. The Joker –a psychopathic perpetrator desires to create social disorder, enjoys seeing chaotic situation in the city. Despite his psychological impairment, the Joker is highly intelligent in perpetration and his actions are carefully planned. He was nobody among criminal world until he kills one of the mob leaders. Since then, the Joker is powerful in the criminal underworld and later in the whole city – everyone is under his influence. Sources of Power Batman has his power from two personal sources, namely expert power and referent power. One has expert power if he or she possesses knowledge or skills. Batman is familiar with the operation in the criminal syndicate after he had travel around the world for several years, learning the various ways of the underworld. These enable him to become a vigilante expert. Referent power of Batman comes from his extraordinary charisma. In addition to excellent grappling skills, Wayne’s wealth provides Batman with advanced and unique costumes and accoutrements. Every time when there is a crime, Batman can successfully defeat criminals, creating an image of a superhero. Thus, Batman is admired and respected by numerous public. Some police officers like Harvey Dent and James Gordon, who do not corrupt, are also willing to cooperate with Batman. They form unofficial alliance with Batman to protect Gotham City from the criminal underworld. The Joker also, to a certain extent, has his expert power. His determination to destroy order has complete and perfect almost every action plan he made. He is so professional in committing crimes that others, even Batman, seem to be always under his control, following his plan to ruin the city. Thus, he can be said to be a perpetration profession. Besides, coercive power also makes the Joker so influential in the city. The Joker forces others including Batman, mobs and citizens to obey him by applying punishments – intimidating and killing. For example, he forced Batman to disclose his identity by continuously killing citizens and the mobs to cooperate with him by killing one of the mob leaders Gambol. Contingencies of Power The power of Batman and the Joker are affected by the four contingencies of power –substitutability, centrality, discretion and visibility. Both two low have substitutability of their power, which means that there are almost no other substitutes for them. Batman’s supernatural ability is not replaceable in safeguarding the city while it is also difficult for the mobs to find someone who is intelligent enough to kill Batman. Without Batman, citizens will be massacred by the Joker; without the Joker, the mobs will loss all their money under investigation of Batman and the police. Therefore, their actions highly affect the respective stakeholders’ interests. These lead to another inference – Batman and the Joker have high centrality of their power, which is the high degree and nature of interdependence between Batman and citizen and that between the Joker and the mobs. Conversely, Batman and the Joker have different discretion and visibility of their powers. The Joker has somehow higher discretion relative to Batman. That is the Joker has more freedom in making decisions without referring to specific rules or receiving permission from someone else. Batman fight against criminals in the city, he is a symbol of justice and peace. Thus, when it comes to the time when he confront the Joker or other criminals, he cannot kill them in case it is necessary to do so. However, the Joker is evil. He can achieve his goal unscrupulously, without worrying that if his behavior will set a bad model for others. On the other hand, Batman has high visibility of his power relative to the Joker before the Joker kills one of the mob leaders. Batman has been known and respected by citizens for his contribution in maintaining peace in the city. Another identity of Batman – Bruce Wayne also has a high visibility of his power. He is a billionaire with an extensive network among the rich. Thus, he can influence others to support Harvey Dent after realizing Harvey’s sincerity. On the contrary, the Joker had been ignored in the syndicate despite his intelligence. Therefore, when he first meets the mob leaders at the meeting, he is being despised as a simple psychopathic patient. The Joker become more powerful in the syndicate after he have kill the mob leader and in the city after he begins killing innocent citizens and challenge the law publicly, as all these increase his visibility to others. Influence Tactics used by the main characters Different influence tactics are used by Batman and the Joker when facing different people. For Batman, he influences police officers by silent authority. Although Batman does not have legitimate power, police officers who allied with him just cooperate with him by following his instructions in most scenarios without overt influence. This is due to Batman’s expert power and referent power in the city, so the police believe in Batman’s ability and sincerity for the city. Thus silent authority is applicable. When facing the Joker, Batman usually uses assertiveness – he tried to influence the Joker by threatening and confronting. For instance, when the joker has taken into custody, Batman tried to make him confess his plan by violence. When facing Two-face who is the dark side Harvey Dent, Batman tries to stop him from killing innocent people by encouraging him to forget animosity as Batman still believes Two-face is kindhearted inside. Here Batman has used a type of soft tactic influence, persuasion to influence Two-face as he used emotional appeal. For the Joker, obviously he always uses hard influence tactics, especially assertiveness in compliance with his cruelty. For example, he demands support from the mobs by killing and threatening in the meeting of the mob leaders. He also controls other confederates who rob the bank with him using information control – to manipulate others’ access to information by withholding, filtering and re-arranging information. The Joker does not disclose the whole plan of robbery to the confederates and his instructions to each confederate are different, so that he can manipulate the whole robbery by himself. He finally kills his partners one by one after he has finished his duty. Among the examples, there is one exception that the Joker uses soft influence tactic instead of hard one. When the Joker is being locked up and beaten by Batman in the custody, he keeps on tried to convince Batman that they are the same kind of people as they are being seen as weird creatures in citizens’ eyes. This is the rare time when the Joker uses persuasion to influence others.

Mononucleosis Essays - RTT, Infectious Mononucleosis,

Mononucleosis Mononucleosis, also known as "Mono," is an illness caused by an infection with a virus. The virus, The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is usually the cause of Mono. Other infectious viruses, like cytomegalovirus (CMV) can also produce illnesses like Mono. Most of the people who get Mono are adolescents and young adults. In developed nations, the majority of the people has been exposed to the Epstein- Barr virus by the age of 18. That means that many adults have had infections as children caused by the Mono virus (which were asymptomatic or mild). Once you get Mono, or the Epstein-Barr virus you are immune to re-infection. Some of the symptoms of Mono are a painful sore throat with tonsillar enlargement. Mono typically causes fever, headache, fatigue, and swollen glands in the neck. Sometimes, people with Mono experience loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or a measle-like rash. The rash is seen in more than 80% of patients who are infected with Mono, and are prescribed an antibiotic. Mono is diagnosed based on a patients symptoms and a physical exam. Since the symptoms of Mono are so similar to those of other illnesses, it is not easy to diagnose Mono at an early stage. Diagnoses are confirmed by blood tests. There is no "cure" for Mono. It takes a long time for to overcome Mono. Eventually your immune system will help you recuperate. When you have the symptoms of Mono, you can take aspirin or ibuprofen to help relieve the throat pain and fever. Getting rest and drinking at least two quarts of fluid a day are also important. One customary complication of Mono is dehydration. This may develop due to an inadequate amount of fluid intake. Some infrequent complications are blood disorders, neurological and psychological problems. However, once you get Mono, there is a very, very slim chance that you will get Mono again. One way of getting this disease are by kissing a person who carries the virus in the saliva. Other ways have not yet been proven. The virus accountable for Mono is contagious and is found in moist exhaled air, nasal and oral-secretions. However, there is no known prevention for Mono and isolation is not indicated. Children are incubated for about 4-14 days, and for adults 4-6 weeks. The initial symptoms of Mono clear up in about 7-10 days. Lymph node swelling and fatigue usually last 2-4 weeks. Some patients might take longer to recover. Some people might not even know they have Mono and are able to go on with their usual activities. Exhaustion may be a great factor in the recovery period. The length of time one remains tired from Mono varies considerably. A lot of people have barely any fatigue at any time. However, a few people will be tired for many months. Also, if you are very tired, a change of scenery might do you good. My cousin had Mono, and she went down to Florida to visit our grandparents for a few weeks. The warmer climate and change of scenery helped with her recovery. One man who e-mailed me about Mono said that he couldn't even type on his computer let alone go along with his usual daily activities. Even though there is no medicine to cure Mono. Some of the best ways to minimize the disease are; 1. Get at least 10-12 hours of sleep a day. 2. Avoid contact sports 3. Avoid alcohol 4. Avoid social activities; limit activities to sleeping, eating, and, if able, classes. 5. Remain at home if fever develops. 6. Eat a well balanced diet. There are some complications in Mono. An enlarged spleen is frequently found and might cause upper abdominal pain. Contact sports are discontinued because a blow to the spleen might cause it to rupture. Mono is contagious (through kissing and saliva), but it isn't highly contagious. 60 to 80 percent of college students have had mono in there childhood, but weren't specifically diagnosed, however they are immune to the disease. One of the main reasons Mono makes you weak is because it infects your white blood cells, anytime a disease infects you your body must mount an immune response so much energy is required and diverted from normal daily requirements so you feel weaker. Since this is such a strong disease with so many little illnesses (strep throat, cough, cold, flu) it has to fight off the little illnesses as well as Mononucleosis and the Epstein-Barr virus which causes Mono. Since your body has to fight all of these diseases, it takes up so much energy for your immune

Cause Essays - Lecturers, Feminist Theory, Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Cause And Effect And Rights Throughout the years, women have been seen as someone to have children, someone to cook, someone to clean, and someone who does not deserve rights. Until women like Elizabeth Cady Stanton rose up against these stereotypes, it looked as if women would always be seen as them. Elizabeth Cady Stanton was not alone in her fight to earn rights for women; Susan B. Anthony was helping her. These two women joined together to start the fight for women's rights. Almost 100 years after they started this fight, Gloria Steinem came along and continued it with the same force. Together Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and Gloria Steinem would change the way that the United States viewed women. Elizabeth Cady Stanton started the fight for women's rights at a convention in Seneca Falls, New York 1848. She spoke out on the so-called equal rights that women had, "It is the duty of the women of this country to secure to themselves their sacred right to the elective franchise (1: Scott)." With that great statement Elizabeth Cady Stanton showed that women do have an opinion and they want to voice it. As her speech progressed she spoke about the "inalienable rights" granted to all in the constitution and how these were not given equally to women. Her radical new ideas sparked a controversial battle that would last well into the next century. Elizabeth Cady Stanton was one of the first women to wear bloomers and not a dress around her town and home, causing her husband (a judge) much ridicule and embarrassment. In 1851 at another convention in Seneca Falls, she met Susan B. Anthony a woman as passionate about the fight for women to vote as she was; oddly enough they met while Stanton was wearing bloomers. The women immediately became friends, and started full force to gain equal rights for women. Elizabeth Cady Stanton wrote most of the speeches delivered by Susan B. Anthony. Elizabeth Cady Stanton became the woman behind the scenes, and as the years progressed so did their fight. Susan B. Anthony helped start the movement for women's rights in 1851 when she met Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Between the two of them, these women started in New York and slowly worked across the country educating women on what rights they should have and why they did not have them. The two were strongly fighting for a woman's right to vote. At the time the only people allowed to vote were white males over the age of 21, no slaves, no colored people, and no women. From 1854 to 1860 Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton worked in New York to change all laws discriminating against women. Anthony began organizing women all over the state to help with this fight. In 1869 Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton Lucy Stone and Henry Beecher joined forces to organize the National Woman Suffrage Association. This group would work to get a constitutional amendment that would grant women the right to vote (the idea was sparked by the 15th amendment which stated that the newly freed slaves had the right to vote). To make their statement more dramatic Susan B. Anthony and 12 other women cast their votes in the 1872 presidential election. These votes were one of many dramatic steps in gaining voting rights for women. Anthony was arrested, convicted, fined $100, and then set free for this, she soon became an icon in history. In 1920 the fight for a women's right to vote was soon over as the 19th amendment to the constitution was passed allowing this right. This also allowed women to become more outgoing and true to there own beliefs. Later in the century women would once again have to fight for equality but for a very different reason. Gloria Steinem is not only a successful businesswomen and co-founder of "Ms." magazine, she was also a major figure in the women's liberation movement of the late 1960s and early 1970s. It may have been written in her genetic code to be a feminist as her grandmother, Pauline Perlmutter Steinem, was a suffragist in the 1900's. Steinem's major life change came shortly before she left for a trip to India in 1956. She discovered that she was pregnant. After overhearing a conversation, she came to know about a new procedure that could possibly help her, an abortion. Half of the money she had saved for her trip to India went toward the operation. Shortly afterward her visa for

Leadership Case Study

Leadership Case Study Introduction Leadership is one of the concepts in the world, which has received massive coverage and attention. Although there are several reasons behind this trend, the commonest one is the fact that leaders have a significant influence in the society. Not to mention that some people and organizations have become what they are today because of the impact of certain leaders (Grint 2010, p. 1).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership Case Study specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Leadership Even though there is a wide range of definitions that describe a leader, it has been universally agreed that a leader is a person who gives direction to others in order to attain a common goal (Gallos 2008, p. 1). This is mainly achieved through setting a pace in serving as a role model and creation of a working environment that allows members of the organization or employees to feel honored as part of the advancement process. Impo rtantly, a leader cannot be viewed as a boss since he or she remains committed to the full course of achieving set goals and objectives. It is noteworthy that there are numerous qualities, which define the character of a good leader. While these factors may vary from one person to another, common traits include being a good listener, focused, organized, available, ready to delegate duties, confident and decisive (Gallos 2008, p. 2). Leadership Theories Twentieth century saw the demand and interest in leadership rise to an advanced stage. While early leaders laid emphasis on existing differences between leaders and followers in terms of their qualities, subsequent leadership theorists approached the issue by considering certain variable like qualifications and situations in establishing an understanding of leadership traits (Grint 2010, p. 1). Some of these theories have been discussed under this segment of the analysis. The first one is the â€Å"great man† theory, which assu mes that good leaders are born and that what is considered to be good traits are naturally obtained. In other words, these leaders are born, which is against the notion that favors making of leaders. This school of thought normally depicts leaders to be heroic and ready to take up leadership positions in the corporate world whenever there is need. It is also paramount to note that the term was developed when the society thought that leadership was strictly meant for males (Bolden et al. 2003). This theory is believed to have been first developed by Thomas Carlyle, a time when gender equality was not being talked about as it is today. Men were therefore given leadership preference as women dominated other domestic areas of society management. It is also believed that the trait theory resembles the great man philosophy, as it assumes that certain qualities observed among some leaders are inherited, thus making them better than other leaders. This theory generally focuses on a behavior or trait, which is common among leaders. Even though this has been the case, it is hard to explain the existence of some of these qualities among people who are not leaders (Bolden et al. 2003). This is considered as the main obstacle in adopting this theory when explaining the concept of leadership.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, contingency theories address certain variables, which are connected to the environment and influence the type of leadership style suitable for a given situation. A very important fact under this theory is that situations in life cannot be addressed by one leadership style. This is based on a wide range of ways in which the situations are manifested. Basically, success is coupled with leadership styles, different situational aspects and traits carried by followers (Bolden et al. 2003). This leadership theory is closely related to situational theories, which affirm that situational variables are key in influencing the decision made by leaders. It follows that a decision-making process may require several leadership styles to ensure that the best position is reached. Unlike of the ideas discussed above, behavioral theories of leadership are inclined towards the fact that good leaders are made. It is solely based on behaviorism and the overall manner in which leaders act. In essence, the theory suggests that good leadership can be attained through learning and observation as opposed to being natural traits in human beings (Bolden et al. 2003). Moreover, participative theories of leadership support the fact good leadership seeks to incorporate the ideas of others in decision-making. They motivate other people to be part of the course of achieving set goals and objectives. Nevertheless, a leader may choose not to consider the input of his or her followers. Management leadership focuses on concepts of performance, supervision and organization. It is founded on the use of rewards and punishments in ensuring that the course is retained by all parties involved. This is the commonest leadership theory in business, where employees are recognized according to their input. The last theory of leadership is the relationship theory, which is also referred to as transformational theory. This emphasizes on the bond between leaders and their followers. Through motivation, these leaders show their followers the benefits, which are hidden in the future. As much as they are concerned with performance, exploitation of each person’s potential is always at the heart of their performance. These leaders equally possess high standards in terms of ethics and morality (Bass Riggio 2006). Steve Jobs leadership The name of Steve Paul Jobs has dominated the world of leadership especially in the 21st century; at the peak of technological advancements in computer technology. Born in 1955, Steve Jobs was a man of his caliber in terms of innovation of business ideas. Until his death in 2011, Jobs remained an icon of transformational leadership (Peà ±a 2005).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership Case Study specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Among other successes and leadership positions, Jobs was well known for as the chairman and co-founder of the famous Apple Inc. Unlike his counterparts who have a clear-cut of their leadership styles, Jobs could not be described by a single style of leadership; he was endowed with several qualities, which helped him to traverse the business world, to achieve such massive success. Importantly, his life experiences right from teenage played a major role in molding his personality, having failed to graduate from college. In his 2005 address at the Stanford University, Steve Jobs highlighted several life experiences, which had shaped his life and challenged graduates to see su ccess and opportunities in setbacks, which life offers. He believed in having faith, by connecting dots in life even during hard moments and hardly regretted for his decisions, including the selection of an expensive college that became a challenge to his parents in paying tuition fees. As a result, he dropped out, and registered for calligraphy, which was significant in designing fonts while designing the first Macintosh. The love for his job was unwavering. Together with his friend, they founded Apple and even after being kicked out of the company, he moved on to launch NeXT Software Inc., which was acquired by Apple in 1997, giving a chance to rejoin Apple. His ill-health was a further source of inspiration in life. After surviving a pancreatic surgery necessitated by cancer, he considered it as a wakeup call; to maximize the use of available time in doing what he loved most (Peà ±a 2005). It is this path that shaped Steve Paul Jobs to become a leader with countless styles and q ualities. Firstly, Jobs was a charismatic leader. He was widely known for his ability to give captivating speeches, a trait that was equally employed in his career. His storytelling skills favored him capturing the attention of not only his audience but also his employees at Apple and other companies (Kramer 2010). He was able to communicate the benefits of using Apple products as compared to other products by use of metaphors and analogies. His charismatic nature was essential in developing enthusiastic leaders who remained focused towards achieving that which seemed impossible in the eyes of many and convince his customers that his company had the best products in the market. Jobs inherent and learned traits seemed to define his character and leadership path. Due to this, he earned himself several titles, which mainly described his attachment to perfection (Kramer 2010). His leadership was therefore described as personalized; he sometimes expected too much from an employee.Adverti sing Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Jobs, he was interested in making people better, a leadership approach that was sometimes misinterpreted as being autocratic and rude especially in meetings. As an autocratic leader, Jobs insisted on being in control and showing people what to do even as a role model. While at Apple, Jobs had over a hundred employees who directly reported to him directly. His degree as a participatory leader was therefore low (Peà ±a 2005). Importantly, Steve Jobs remains an icon of transformational leadership. Throughout his career, Steve Jobs managed to transform different companies like Pixar. He also led by example, showing employees and other managers what was to be done in order to overcome the challenges of a competitive business world (Kramer 2010). This was essential in bringing out the best in every employee and promoting performance. Jeff Bezos He is the founder of Amazon.com, its CEO and chair of the company’s board. Bezos is highly recognized in the money market and was valued at $3.6 billion, according to Forbes’ survey in the year 2006. He was listed as the personality of the year in 1999 by the Time magazine. Besides Amazon.com, Jeff Bezos founded Blue Origin, with an aim of promoting tourism. He is definitely influential and his leadership style is worth studying to understand his success secrets. Unlike some of company owners who choose to delegate managerial positions, Bezos runs Amazon.com as its founder and CEO. He therefore battles out by transiting from a small company to the head of thousands of employees. He is generally overwhelmed with fun and innovations, having carried his laughing character to the company. In analyzing his leadership qualities, Bezos has been described using a wide range of approaches (‘Taking the long view’ 2012). He is a transformational leader. Based on the path he has used to get Amazon.com where it is today, it is doubtless that he has been instrumental in promoting the company’ s performance. He has always made choices based on his desire to move to another level, a reasons he gives for marrying his wife. His visionary has definitely landed him to a place he dreamed, decades ago. He is also concerned in the performance of managers and other company employees. In order to impact his management team, he organizes weekly meeting, reporting on experiences and answering questions from him. The Just Do It program launched by Bezos was highly applauded for promoting participatory management at Amazon (‘Taking the long view’ 2012). According to the program, managers are promoted for their innovative ideas, which are aimed at improving the company’s performance. His perfectionism in performance means that he has to higher new managers consistently, who are intelligent and highly skilled. Skills approach leadership This approach is mainly leader-centered. In other words, it focuses on certain skills, which can be learned and improve the leadershi p potential of an individual. It is obvious that knowledge and skills are essential for one to be recognized as a strong leader. Furthermore, skills denote what is achievable by a leader, while traits mainly focus on a leader’s identity (Leadership Skills Approach 2012). This leadership approach requires a leader to master three important areas, which are conceptual, technical and human. Technical skills determine a leader’s proficiency in performing certain tasks. For instance, Steve Jobs’ skills as a computer scientist were paramount in navigating through the world of computers. Despite his lack of a college degree, he had relevant knowledge in the world of technology (Peà ±a 2005). He also had innovative skills, which transformed several companies including Apple Inc. Mr. Bezos equally has computer skills in science and business, which have been significant in internet business, marketing and cloud computing. Bezos has experience in garage operations, having been a garage inventor during his early years of entrepreneurship. Skills approach of leadership further emphasizes on human skills, which are vital in dealing with people (Leadership Skills Approach 2012). Although Steve Jobs was sometimes considered to be rude autocratic in handing employees, his sense of charisma made him an outstanding leader in handling people. He was a role model and encouraged his employees to exploit their potential. On the other hand, Bezos enhances his human skills through weekly training and hiring of intelligent and smart employees. The last aspect is having conceptual skills, which are necessary in making long-term decisions (Leadership Skills Approach 2012). Steve jobs had a long-term vision and remained focused on the course despite his failure to graduate from university. While serving with various companies, he invested in getting higher. He transformed Apple, making it one of the leading technological companies in the world. Similarly, Amazon cult ure is dominated with long-term strategies. Since its inception, Amazon always invests its short-term profits for long-term benefits. Bezos takes risks, venturing into fields, which are less considered. These included cloud computing and the Blue Origin. The question we need to ask is how Steve Jobs and Jeff Bezos would lead a conservative industry like banking or construction. As mentioned before, the contingency theory of leadership focuses on external and internal factors, which determine the kind of leadership necessary. In other words, it may require the application of several styles in order to achieve reputable skills. The success of the two would not be limited, by the fact that their leadership styles are more diverse. For instance, Steve Jobs had several leadership styles, which would be important in taking a contingent approach. However, they would be limited in innovation; their success stories revolve around innovative ideas, which might not have a place in a conservati ve environment. While starting a company like Apple or Amazon with five employees, it would be important to apply transformational leadership in order to realize success. This is because transformational approach focuses on having a vision to advance to higher levels in future. It further nurtures talents and skills among employees for maximum performance (Bass Riggio 2006). Transformational leadership was highly employed by Jobs and Bezos. This helped in changing their small businesses into multinational companies. Nevertheless, this styles wastes a lot of time since leaders have to share their goals with follower. It can also be misused especially by dictatorial leaders. Conclusion From the above report, it is clear that leadership is a major concept in the society. Additionally, the success of leaders largely depends of their leadership qualities and styles. Leadership theorists argue that every leader can be grouped into a particular class of leadership. In this case study, it was revealed that several leadership styles contributed to the success of Steve Jobs and Jeff Bezos, to become world leading CEOs in the 21st century. To thrive in this competitive environment, they adopted several leadership styles. Moreover, transformational leadership qualities were key in developing their success story. It is worth noting that different companies may require varying leadership styles for their success. List of References Bass, B Riggio, R 2006, Transformational Leadership, Routledge, London. Bolden et al. 2003, A Review of Leadership Theory and Competency Frameworks. Web. Gallos, J 2008, Business Leadership: A Jossey-Bass Reader, John Wiley and Sons, New Jersey. Grint, K 2010, Leadership: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, London. Kramer, D 2010, Leadership Behaviors and Attitudes of Steve Jobs. Web. Leadership Skills Approach. 2012. Web. Peà ±a, M, 2005, Steve Jobs to 2005 graduates: Stay hungry, stay foolish. Web. ‘Taking the long vie w’ 2012 The Economist (US), vol. 402, p. 1-3.

Implications and advancements of dna (as a medical milestone) in the Essay

Implications and advancements of dna (as a medical milestone) in the future - Essay Example Some of the disorders include hemophilia, and sickle cell anemia among others. The detection enables the parents and medical staff to prepare for the upcoming treatments. Genetic counsellors also use the knowledge of DNA to advise couples on their risks of having disabled children (â€Å"nih.gov†). Medical experts are also developing new technologies that can rapidly sequence large quantities of DNA. The initial sequencing method was called Sanger, but has now undergone automation for it to work faster than before. Other DNA technologies such as STR and RFLP have erupted and will continue to erupt as long studies in DNA do not stop. The next generation sequencing technologies can sequence human DNA in a short time and at low costs (â€Å"nih.gov†). Over the last few years, the world has witnessed rapid progress in biotechnology and, in particular, the human genome project. The advancement has seen the emergence of complex datasets such as Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, microarray expression of cells, and genome sequencing of various species. All this has given rise to bioinformatics, a field with vast applications in the medical field (â€Å"nih.gov†). What the future holds on DNA remains a mystery, and it is only time and science that can